CSCA vs HSK vs Gaokao: Which Chinese Exam Do You Actually Need?

What Are the Main Differences Between These Exams?

China has three major standardized tests, each serving a completely different purpose and audience. Understanding these differences is crucial for choosing the right exam for your goals.

What Is the CSCA and Who Needs It?

Should I take the CSCA if I want to study in China?

The China Scholastic Competency Assessment (CSCA) is specifically designed for international students applying to undergraduate programs at Chinese universities. If you're a non-Chinese citizen pursuing a Bachelor's degree in China, you almost certainly need the CSCA.

The CSCA tests your readiness for university-level study in China by evaluating your Chinese language skills, mathematical reasoning, and subject knowledge. It's the standard entrance exam that most Chinese universities use to evaluate international applicants.

flowchart TD
    A[Want to study in China?] --> B{Citizenship}
    B -->|Chinese Citizen| C[Take Gaokao]
    B -->|International| D{Program Type}
    D -->|Bachelor's Degree| E[Take CSCA]
    D -->|Language Program| F[Take HSK]
    D -->|Exchange/Short-term| G[Neither needed]
                    

What Is the HSK and When Is It Used?

The Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) is China's official Chinese language proficiency test. Unlike the CSCA, it only tests Chinese language skills—nothing else.

You need the HSK if:

• You're applying for a Chinese language program (non-degree)
• Your university requires proof of Chinese proficiency
• You're applying for certain scholarships that require HSK certification
• You want to demonstrate Chinese language ability for work or study

The HSK has six levels, from HSK 1 (beginner) to HSK 6 (advanced). Most university programs require HSK 4 or higher.

What Is the Gaokao and Can International Students Take It?

The Gaokao (National College Entrance Examination) is China's ultra-competitive university entrance exam for Chinese citizens. It's widely considered one of the most difficult exams in the world.

Important: The Gaokao is exclusively for Chinese citizens. International students cannot take the Gaokao for university admission in China. If you're not a Chinese citizen, the CSCA is your pathway to Chinese universities.

Do You Need Both CSCA and HSK?

In most cases, if you're taking the CSCA for undergraduate admission, you don't need a separate HSK certificate. The Chinese Language section of the CSCA serves as proof of your Chinese proficiency.

However, there are exceptions:

• Some scholarship programs specifically require HSK certification
• Certain universities may ask for HSK in addition to CSCA
• If your CSCA Chinese score is low, an HSK certificate might strengthen your application

Which Exam Should You Prepare For?

Here's a simple decision guide: